汝窑,五大名窑之一,因产于汝州而得名,窑址在今河南省宝丰县大营镇清凉寺村,汝瓷位居宋代“汝、官、哥、钧、定”五大名窑之首,在中国陶瓷史上素有“汝窑为魁”之称。汝窑中华传统制瓷著名工艺之一,中国北宋时期主要代表瓷器。

Ru kiln, one of the five famous kilns, got its name because it was produced in Ruzhou and located in qingliangsi Village, Dading Town, Baofeng County, Henan Province. Your porcelain ranked first among the five famous kilns in the Song Dynasty, "You kiln is the chief kiln" in the history of Chinese ceramics. Ru kiln is one of the famous traditional Chinese porcelain making techniques, which is the main representative porcelain of The Northern Song Dynasty in China.

汝窑烧造时间短,数量也有限。有史记载南宋周辉《清波杂志》:"汝窑宫中禁烧,内有玛瑙为釉。唯供御拣退方许出卖,近尤难得。" 在南宋时就感叹近尤难得,更别说现在了。汝窑釉色史书上也有记载,南宋周辉《清波杂志》:"汝窑宫中禁烧,内有玛瑙为釉。"这段记载非常重要,就是它的釉色是靠玛瑙呈现的。

Ru kilns are short in time and limited in quantity. It is recorded in the Qing Bo Magazine of Zhou Hui in the Southern Song Dynasty that burning was forbidden in the Palace of The Ru kiln, with agate inside as glaze. The only way to sell it is to choose and return it, especially rare." In the Southern Song Dynasty sighed near especially rare, let alone now. It is also recorded in the history of the glaze of the Ru kiln that zhou Hui of the Southern Song Dynasty wrote in qing Bo Magazine :" Burning in the palace of the Ru kiln is forbidden, and agate is in the glaze." This record is very important because its glaze color is represented by agate.

“汝官”是支钉烧,支钉是用耐火材料制成的,就是当地的铝钒土。烧成针状支钉后,根据器物大小、形状,将其粘在垫片(垫饼)上。支钉一般都是单数,个别可有双数。将其放入匣钵内,遍身施釉的器物放在支钉上,盖上钵盖,用耐火材料泥封,烧成后取出。器物隐蔽处只留下小的钉痕,使器物显得完 美。器物上留下的疤痕,古人称之为“芝麻钉”。另外,较大的一些器物,有的用支线钉,支线钉痕成短线状,位于圈足根部内侧。以所见汝窑器物看,除支钉烧,还有垫烧和圈足露胎烧,胎体有手拉胎和模制。汝瓷的最 大特点是“粗粮细作”,胎土和釉料都是“就地取材”,胎土粗劣,又没有掌握使用溶剂的技术,便在釉料上下功夫,破天荒地使用当地产的玛瑙入釉,这是大胆的创新。特别是在“火控”方面,制作者摸索出一套完 美的、适用于“此胎此釉”的烧制工艺。论材质、条件,其他几大名窑都优于汝窑,但却汝窑为“魁”,这就不能不归功于“工匠精神”。

"Your official" is a burning of the nails, which are made of refractory, which is the local aluminum vanadium soil. After burning into needle shaped nail, stick it on the gasket (cushion cake) according to the size and shape of the utensil. The pin is usually single, and individual can have double numbers. Put it in the casket, place the glaze objects on the supporting nails, cover the bowl, seal them with refractory mud, and take them out after burning. The hidden place of the artifacts only leaves small nail marks, making the objects perfect. The scar on the utensil was called "sesame nail" by the ancients. In addition, some of the larger objects are made of branch nails, and the branch nails are marked into short lines, which are located inside the root of the ring foot. According to the objects of your kiln, besides the burning of the nails, there are also pad burning and the exposed tire burning of the ring foot. The carcass has hand pulling and molding. The biggest feature of your porcelain is "fine grain work", and the fetal soil and glaze are "taking materials from the ground". If the tire soil is poor and does not master the technology of using solvent, it will work hard on glaze and use agate in the glaze in the real estate, which is a bold innovation. Especially in the aspect of "fire control", the author found a perfect set of firing technology suitable for "this glaze of this tyre". On the material and conditions, other famous kilns are superior to Ru kiln, but Ruyao is "Kui", which can not be attributed to the spirit of craftsman.

汝窑盏托,整体造型就像一个高圈足的折沿盘,中部凸起了一个圆台。圆形的凸台用于放置杯、盏、碗等,台面边缘有一圈凸起,用来规范杯盏的位置,以免杯盏从圆台上跌落。圆形凸台下接浅曲腹平折沿盘,大而高的圈足,足墙斜直微外撇。圆凸台的台壁一周装饰双层覆莲瓣形纹饰,台面上有似莲蓬一样的凹陷。

The overall shape of Ru kiln cup holder is like a folding plate with high ring feet, and a round platform is raised in the middle. The round boss is used to place cups, cups, bowls, etc. there is a circle of bulge on the edge of the table, which is used to regulate the position of the cups, so as to prevent the cups from falling from the platform. The round boss is connected with a shallow curved belly, flat folding along the plate, large and high ring feet, and the foot wall is inclined, straight and slightly outward. The wall of the round boss is decorated with double-layer lotus petal pattern, and there is a depression like a lotus pod on the table.

汝官瓷已成为传世品保存最少的古瓷。而国内民间的汝窖藏品大多数为临汝客、东沟審等汝民官器,其价值和汝官窑有很大差距,通过与出土发所获得的资料反复对比考证,能得到各位专家公认的汝官窑瓷为数不多。

Ru Guan porcelain has become the least preserved ancient porcelain. However, most of the folk Ru cellar collections in China are official Ru wares such as linruke and donggoushen. Their value is far from that of Ru official kilns. Through repeated comparison and textual research with the unearthed materials, it can be recognized by experts that Ru official kiln porcelain is rare.

 汝瓷之美是举世公认的,而何者又是美中的极 品,相信事实胜于雄辩。那是不是凡汝皆美,凡汝皆精呢?那也不一定,它是要用事实来说话与验证的。因为,无论何种瓷种,三、六、九等皆存。愿那些人间真正的珍宝,在人们认知理念的真正提高后,能够得到更好的保护与传承。

The beauty of your porcelain is recognized by the world, and who is the best in the United States, believe that facts are better than eloquence. Is that all you are beautiful, and all you are refined? That doesn't have to be. It is to speak and verify with facts. Because, no matter what kind of porcelain, three, six, nine and so on all exist. May those real treasures in the world be better protected and inherited after the real improvement of people's cognitive concept.

汝窑以烧制青瓷闻名,有天青、豆青、粉青诸品。汝窑的青瓷,釉中含有玛瑙,色泽青翠华滋,釉汁肥润莹亮,有“雨过天青云破处”之誉。故有“汝窑无大器”之说。南宋以降,更因汝窑传世作品稀少,而釉色独特,后世对于汝窑瓷器又有“宋瓷之冠”美誉。宋代五大名窑之一。考古发现的窑址在河南省宝丰清凉寺,因为在宋代属于汝州,所以称为汝窑,特点是:胎为浅灰白色,胎质细腻,俗称香灰胎。釉色为天青色,汝窑瓷器的釉层很薄,有乳浊感。

Ru kiln is famous for firing celadon, including Tianqing, Douqing and fenqing. The Celadon of Ru kiln contains agate in its glaze. Its color is green and bright, and its glaze juice is plump and bright. It is known as "the place where blue clouds break after rain". Therefore, there is a saying that "Ru kiln has no big utensils". Since the Southern Song Dynasty, due to the rarity of Ru kiln's handed down works and the unique glaze color, Ru kiln's porcelain has the reputation of "the crown of song porcelain" in later generations. It is one of the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty. The archaeological site of the kiln is Qingliang temple in Baofeng, Henan Province. Because it belongs to Ruzhou in the Song Dynasty, it is called Ruyao. It is characterized by light gray and delicate texture, commonly known as Xianghui. The glaze color is azure. The glaze layer of Ru kiln porcelain is very thin and has a sense of opacification.